Yarn and fabric of mixed textile materials



Patented July 7, 1936 U TE' STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,046,615 YARN AND FABRIC F MIXED TEXTILE MATERIALS Camille Dreyfus, New York, N. Y.

Serial No. 745,530

No brewing. Application September 26, 1934,

.1 Claims. (61. 117-53) This invention relates to yarns, containing organic derivatives of cellulose, fabrics containing said yarns and to the method of producing sa'me wherein yarns or filaments of altered organic ester of cellulose are mixed with or doubled with the yarns of organic derivatives of cellulose to' luiose cannot be ironed with safety by an iron heated much above 220 0. due to the thermoplastic nature of the organic derivatives 'of cellulose. By this invention, however, yarns or filaments of altered organic derivatives of cellulose,

5 namely the treated esters of cellulose are twisted or doubled with the yarns of organic derivative of cellulose thereby raising the safe ironing temperature of the textile material formed from same. The altered i. e. saponifled, partially saponified or intermittently saponified yarns of organic esters of cellulose act as a protection or shield for the more thermoplastic constituent of the yarns.

By this invention pleasing and useful cross dyeingveflects maybe obtained in that the fabric may be dyed with dyes having an aflinity for only one of the constituents of the two component" yarns.

In accordance with my invention then I twist together stapllzed yarn containing organic derivatives of cellulose with a staplized yarn or a yarn of substantially continuous filaments contalning organic esters of cellulose that have been totally, partially or intermittently saponifled. Further yarns of substantially continuous filaments of organic derivative of cellulose'may be twisted with-or doubled with yarns oi substantially continuous filaments of totally, partially or intermittently saponified organic esters of cellulose and if desired other materials, and one, both or all the components'formed, while twisted together or during the twisting together, into a stapllzed yarn.

This invention is applicable to the doubling of yarns containing organic derivatives of cellulose by which term is meant the organic esters of cellulose and the cellulose ethers with yarns of altered organic esters of cellulose. Examples of organic esters of cellulose are cellulose acetate, cellulose formate, cellulose proplonate and cellulose butyrate while examples of cellulose ethers are ethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose and benzyl cellulose. 1

The preferred modification of this invention and the one with reference to which it will be described in detail is the twisting together of a stapllzed yarn containing an organic derivative of cellulose and a stapllzed yarn containing totally, partially or intermittently saponified organic esters of cellulose. It is to be understood that the term stapllzed yarn includes those yarns having the appearance of yarns spun from short lengths or staple fibres yet which is formed by twisting and breaking or cutting a bundle of A continuous filaments, the severing being intermittently or at random and staggered throughout the yarn. Thus yarns may be formed having a basis of continuous filaments but having the appearance of yarn formed from staple fibre by subjecting continuous filament yarn whiletravelling in a surface of rotation to the action of v cutting or tearing elements so as to break or cut some of the individual filaments at frequent intervals, without destroying the continuity of the yarn as a whole. This cutting or breaking action may be carried out during a twisting operation. Any suitable method may be employed for forming the stapllzed yarn for example those described in U. S. Patents Nos. 1,956,600 and 1,959,142 and 2,003,400 and U. S.applications Nos. 674,829 filed June 8, 1933, 696,374 filed November 2, 1933, 714,560 filed March 8, 1934;

The stapllzed yarn of organic esters of cellulose forming one component of the doubled yarn or 40 the yarn of continuous filaments if same is desired may be totally, partially or intermittently saponified. Thus a yam may be formed of an organic ester of cellulose and the same treated with a basic material to form a yarn of regenerated cellulose or individual filaments may be treated to form filaments of regenerated cellulose and the same grouped with filaments of organic esters of cellulose to form a yarn. Further yarns or the individual filaments making up a yarn may be partially saponified by treating the same with a basic material of a nature or under the conditions that produce merely a surface saponification. Further the yarns or the filaments making up said yarn or a part of the filaments may be treated at spaced intervals along their length at uniform intervals or at random with a basic material under such conditions that total or partial 5 or surface saponification is effected atthose intervals.

Any suitable method of saponification may be employed to form the altered cellulose ester yarns. For example there may be used the methods' and reagents described in U. S. Patents Nos. 1,425,364; 1,442,631; 1,802,956; 1,818,466; 1,866,- 153; 1,884,622; 1,884,623; 1,895,919; 1,897,691 and U. S. application No. 655,778 filed February 8, 1933.

The two components of the yarn maybe twisted together in any suitable manner. Thus the unsaponified component may be twisted around the saponified component in a helix or spiral or the component that contains saponified material may be twisted around the unsaponified component in a helix that is of any degree of pitch. Further the two components may be mutually intertwisted. Both components may be of equal twist 'or so twisted that one receives a higher degree of twist than the other components, or one having a left hand twist and one having a right hand twist may be doubled together.

Any number of components may be doubled together to form the desired yarn. For example v9 yarns may be formed having 2, 3, 4 or more ends with at least one of said ends containing an organic derivative of cellulose and another end containing altered, that is saponified, partially saponified or intermittently saponified yarns while the remaining yarns maybe similar to either of these or they may be yarns of cotton, silk, wool, reconstituted cellulose formed by either the viscose or cuprammonium methods, flax or other natural or synthetic material.

The yarns may be twisted together or doubled on any suitable device and packaged into suitable packages depending upon their subsequent use in textile operations. They may be doubled and packaged into cross-wound cheeses, cones and the like or bobbins, pirnsand the like. The individual ends or the doubled yarn may be suitably treated for the purpose for which it is intended. Forexample the ends or the double yarn may be lubricated, sized or otherwise treated. The yarns may 59 be steamed prior to, during or after doubling to increase its desirable textile properties.

The yarns may be dyed as such in hank form, on bobbins or other types of packages or while travelling to a take-up package in any winding 55 operation or they may first be processed to a fabric and then dyed. Thus dyes that selectively dye either organic derivatives of cellulose or saponified cellulose maybe forced through a package of the yarn or the yarn may be drawn through a bath of same to dye one type or part of the yam,- leavingthe other part undyed and then the undyed part of the yarn may be dyed the same color, a similar color or a different color by a dye that has a selective affinity for same. In this way many novel effects and patterns may be formed. The yarns may be processed by weaving, warp knitting, circular knitting, netting,,knotting, etc. into fabrics employing only this type yarn or in a conjunction with other types of yarn for example yarns of substantially continuous filaments of organic derivatives of cellulose or yarns of other filaments or fibres. r

The fabrics if not dyed in the yarn may be 75 batched in a bath, padded, printed or otherwise dyed with dyes having a selective afiinity for one or the other types of material forming the compounded yarn. Thus cotton dyes of one color that impart color to the cellulose ester that has been saponified and vat dyeslgfi's of a different color 5 that have an aflinity for organic derivative of cellulose and no effect on the saponified material may be employed to give a cross-dyed effect. The dyes may or may not be in the same bath, paste, ink, etc. and the dyeings may therefore be separate or concurrent. Any suitable method of dyeing may be employed.

As an illustration and not as a limitation the following example is given.

Example plized yarn or a continuous filament yarn of cellulose acetate that has been treated with caustic soda by a method and to such an extent that it may be dyed with cotton dyes. The doubled yarn is employed at least as the weft yarn of a woven fabric. The fabric may then be dyed in a bath containing cotton dye of one color and a dye such as dimethyl 1:4 diamino anthraquinone. The resultant fabric is a two tone material with the saponified cellulose acetate dyed one color or shade and the unsaponified cellulose acetate dyed the same coloror shade or a different color or shade and the resulting pattern will dependupon the percentage of each material present, the type of doubling employed and the weave. The material may be caused to have any desired hand and texture. Its safe ironing temperature will be above250 C. and even above 290 C. Although filaments, fibres, etc. of cellulose acetate may be exposed, the presence of the saponified ester acts as a protective medium which prevents injury to, the fabric by raised temperatures.

It is to be understood that" the foregoing detailed description is merely given by way of illustration and many alterations may be made therein without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having described my invention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A yarn capable of withstanding high ironing temperature and cross-dyeing which comprises more than one end twisted together at least one end being a staplized yarn containing lengths of filaments of organic derivative of cellulose and at least another end containing filaments of an organic ester of cellulose at least a portion of which v is saponified.

2. A yarn capable of withstanding high ironing temperature and capable of cross-dyeing which comprises more than 0 neend of yarn twisted together at least one end being a. staplized yarn containing lengths of filaments of organic derivative of cellulose and at least another end contain-' ing filaments of cellulose acetate at least a portion of which is saponified. 3. A'yarn capable of withstanding high ironing temperatures which comprises more than one end of yarn twisted together at least one end being a staplized yarn contai'ning lengths of filaments of cellulose acetate and at least another end containing filaments of cellulose acetate at least a portion of which is saponified.

4. A fabric capable of withstanding high ironing temperatures which contains doubled yarns of more than one end of yarn, at least one end being a staplized yarn containing lengths of filaments of organic derivative of cellulose and at least another end containing filaments of organic esters of cellulose at least a portion of which is saponified.

5. A iabric capable of withstanding high ironing temperatures which contains doubled yarns of more than one end, at least one end being a staplized yarn containing lengths of filaments of cellulose acetate and at least another end containing filaments of cellulose acetate at least a portion of which is saponified.

6. Yarn capable of withstanding high ironing temperatures and of being cross-dyed, comprising more than one end twisted together, at least one end being a yarn containing filaments of an organic derivative of cellulose and at least another end being a yarn containing filaments of an organic ester of cellulose at least a portion of which is s'aponified,,at least one of said yarns being sta- 'plized.

'7. Yarn capable of withstanding high ironing temperatures and of being cross-dyed, comprising more than one end twisted together, at least one end being a yarn containing filaments of an organic'derivative of cellulose and at least another end being a ,yarn containing filaments of cellulose acetate at least a portion of which is saponifled, at least one of said yarns being staplizedv CAME-LE DREYFUS. 

